CD is an abbreviation of cluster of differentiation (also known as leukocyte differentiation antigens), which refers specifically to the antigen or antigen-recognized antibody on the leukocyte membrane, mostly transmembrane protein or glycoprotein on the cell membrane. The nomenclature of CD first appeared in 1982 at the first HLDA (Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen) symposium in Paris, with the aim of classifying different monoclonal antibodies (targeting leukocyte cell surface molecules) from different laboratories around the world.
This nomenclature system assigns numbers to well-characterized antigens (eg, CD3, CD4), while antigenic molecules that are recognized by only one monoclonal antibody are named CDw. In addition, in this nomenclature system, the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of specific cell populations is marked with "+" (yes) or "-" (no), and cell expression levels are marked with hi (high) or low (low). Originally, CD nomenclature was used only for human leukocytes, but has been extended to other species (e.g., canine) and other cell types.
CD markers, which are very useful for the identification and characterization of different subpopulations of leukocytes and leukocytes. CD3, CD4 and CD8 are T-cell markers, while CD19 and CD20 are B-cell markers. The most commonly used are CD4 (marker for helper T cells) and CD8 (marker for cytotoxic T cells). In recent years, researchers have developed a variety of cat CD marker antibodies for use in multicolor flow cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, ELISA and immunoprecipitation, so we need to choose appropriate detection methods and cat CD marker antibodies according to different research purposes.
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