Cell surface antigens, also known as cell markers, can be used to classify and identify cells. The vast majority of cell surface antigens are cell membrane molecules or antigens, and different types of cells have specific markers or antigen binding sites. Immunophenotyping is the analysis of heterogeneous cell populations based on the type of marker or antigen present on the cell surface, in the nucleus, or in the cytoplasm, by using antibodies that specifically recognize different cell type markers or antigens to identify the presence and proportion of multiple target cell populations.
Figure 1. Immunocytochemical analysis of cluster of differentiation antigens in horse MS cells derived from bone marrow (i) and umbilical cord blood (ii) (Guest, et al. 2008).
Equine cell surface antigens can be used to diagnose or control equine diseases. The common equine cell surface antigens are listed below.
| Type | Description |
| CD3 | Expressed on the surface of all T cells, it is a common surface marker of T cells. It is also an important component of the composition of the TCR-CD8 complex. |
| CD4 | Helper T cells (Th cells). |
| CD5 | A single-pass type I membrane protein. |
| CD8 | Cytotoxic T cells (Tc cells), expressed on the majority of T-lymphocytes. |
| CD13 | Expressed by a range of cell types including all blood neutrophils, fibroblasts, kidney epithelial cells, basophils, monocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. |
| CD14 | Monocyte-specific immune markers. |
| CD18 | Expressed by virtually all leucocytes, more strongly upon monocytes and granulocytes than on lymphocytes. |
| CD19／CD5 | Mature B cells all express CD19 and can be distinguished into B1 cells (with CD5 molecules) and B2 cells (without CD5 molecules) according to the presence or absence of CD5 molecule expression. |
| CD21 | A cell surface antigen expressed by canine B lymphocytes. |
| CD44 | Cell surface antigen that is involved in cell-cell interactions. |
| CD105 | Expressed by endothelial cells, activated monocytes and some leukemia cells. |
Antibodies Recognizing Equine Cell Surface Antigens
In recent years, with the continuous development of animal husbandry, the risk of various equine diseases prevalent in horse herds has increased, which has caused huge economic losses to animal husbandry. Therefore, it is very important to develop reagents for rapid diagnosis and control of equine diseases. Equine diseases usually cause changes in the content of relevant cell surface antigens, and antibodies that recognize equine cell surface antigens can detect the content and changes in equine cell surface antigens. It is widely used in the diagnosis of equine diseases.
BioVenic is a company that is dedicated to the development and optimization of antibodies. We can provide you with a variety of antibodies to recognize equine cell surface antigens to help researchers or farmers effectively detect equine diseases. If you have any needs, please feel free to contact us. We will provide you with high-quality products according to your needs, and our products are suitable for various diagnostic methods, such as Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, etc.
Reference
- Guest, Deborah J., Jennifer C. Ousey, and Matthew RW Smith. "Defining the expression of marker genes in equine mesenchymal stromal cells." Stem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications 1 (2008): 1.
